Tyres are the most important component of any vehicle. They are the only point of contact between the vehicle and the road, making them crucial for safety, performance, and comfort. In India, like many other countries, tyre ratings are used to help consumers make informed decisions when choosing tyres. These ratings provide valuable information about the performance, durability and performance of the tyres. One of the systems used to rate tyres is the star rating system, which is designed to give a quick overview of a tyre's overall quality. The Bureau of Energy Efficiency (BEE) has established a star rating system for tyres, designed to help consumers make informed choices and encourage manufacturers to improve the quality and performance of their products.
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What is Star Rating System of Tyres?
The star rating system for tyres is a quality evaluation method that assigns scores to tyres based on various performance measurements. This system is designed to give consumers a clear idea of how well the tyre performs in different conditions. Star ratings range from 1 star to 5 stars, with 5 stars being the highest rating. The star rating system for tyres in India is a key initiative under the Bureau of Energy Efficiency's (BEE) broader standards and labelling programme. The program applies to three types of tyres in India: C1 (passenger car tyres), C2 (light commercial vehicle tyres) and C3 (heavy commercial vehicle tyres). The system aims to encourage energy efficiency and help consumers choose tyres that not only provide better performance, but also reduce fuel consumption and environmental impact. In India, there are tyre recycling plant setup for the purpose to save environment and have sustainable life.
Understanding Key Performance Indicators (KPIs) of Tyre Star Rating
The star rating system for tyres is based on a few key performance indicators (KPIs) that evaluate the tyre's performance under various conditions. Let's break down each of these factors:
- Grip and traction: Grip refers to how well a tyre can grip the road surface. Traction is especially important during acceleration, braking and cornering. Tyres with better grip and traction r provide better vehicle control, especially in difficult weather conditions.
- Tread life: Tread life is an indication of how long a tyre can last before it wears out. Tyres with longer tread life require less frequent replacement, which is an important consideration for cost-conscious drivers. This is often influenced by the type of rubber compound used, tread pattern, and driving conditions.
- Fuel efficiency: Fuel efficiency is an important aspect of modern tyres, especially in a country like India, where fuel prices can significantly affect driving costs. Tyres that are designed to reduce rolling resistance (the force required to keep the tyre in motion) can improve fuel economy. Tyres with low rolling resistance generally provide better mileage.
- Wet grip index: Tyres with excellent wet performance are able to provide good grip on wet or slippery roads. This is especially important in countries with monsoon seasons like India, where roads can be flooded and driving can be miserable. Wet performance tyres are designed with unique tread patterns and rubber compounds to wick water away from the tyre’s contact patch, reducing the risk of hydroplaning.
- Ride comfort: A tyre's ride comfort refers to how smooth and stable the driving experience is. Tyres with better comfort absorb road irregularities, potholes and other bumps more effectively, providing a more pleasant ride. This is especially important for long drives or trips in areas with poor roads.
- Noise level: Tyre noise is the sound produced by the contact between the tyre and the road surface. High-quality tyres generally produce less road noise, contributing to a quieter cabin environment. Noise can be especially annoying on highways or during long drives, and tyres with a lower noise rating can help reduce this.
- Durability: Durability refers to how well a tyre withstands wear and tear over time. A durable tyre is less likely to puncture or damage, and will perform well throughout its life. Tyre manufacturers use high-quality materials and manufacturing techniques to increase the durability of their products.
Also Read: BEE Registration for Tyres
Importance of Star Rating of Tyres
The importance of the tyre star rating cannot be overstated, especially in a country like India, where fuel efficiency is a major concern for vehicle owners. By choosing tyres with a higher star rating, vehicle owners can benefit from:
- Better fuel efficiency: Tyres with lower rolling resistance use less fuel, which leads to savings in fuel costs over time.
- Environmental impact: Reduced fuel consumption directly translates into lower emissions of greenhouse gases, contributing to a cleaner environment.
- Better vehicle performance: Efficient tyres offer better handling, braking and ride quality, which increases the overall performance of the vehicle.
- Government regulations: The BEE Star rating helps align with the government's energy conservation goals and supports India's efforts to reduce its carbon footprint.
Tyre Certification in India: BEE and BIS
In India, a tyre must meet certain standards to be sold in the market. These standards are set by the Bureau of Indian Standards (BIS) and aim to ensure that tyres are safe, durable and reliable. Along with BIS certification, the tyres must also comply with the BEE star rating for fuel efficiency.
Bureau of Indian Standards (BIS) Certification
BIS certification is mandatory for tyres sold in India. This ensures that the tyres meet certain quality standards in terms of performance, safety and durability. This certification assures consumers that the tyres they buy are reliable and meet national safety and performance standards. BIS standards for tyres cover various aspects such as:
- Tyre size and dimensions
- Load carrying capacity
- Walking design
- Performance in different road conditions
- Durability and life expectancy
Bureau of Energy Efficiency (BEE) Certification
BEE certification, on the other hand, focuses on the fuel efficiency aspect of tyres. The BEE registration star rating, which ranges from 1 star to 5 stars, reflects a tyre's level of rolling resistance and fuel efficiency. A tyre with a higher star rating offers better fuel efficiency and contributes to lower fuel consumption over time. The star rating system is mandatory for all new tyres manufactured in India and aims to help consumers make informed choices based on energy consumption and fuel efficiency.
Key Parameters of the Star Rating System
This table organizes the parameters and their references, which are essential for the purpose of star labelling.
| S.NO. | Parameter | Reference |
| 1 | Class C1 tyres | Tyres conforming to Standard IS 15633 |
| 2 | Class C2 tyres | Tyres conforming to Standard IS 15636 and identified by a load capacity index in single formation lower or equal to 121 and a speed category symbol higher or equal to "N" and/or tyres marked with LT/C |
| 3 | Class C3 tyres |
Tyres conforming to Standard IS 15636 and identified by: (a) A load capacity index in single formation higher or equal to 122 and/or tyres not marked with LT/C (b) A load capacity index in single formation lower or equal to 121 and a speed category symbol lower or equal to "M" and/or tyres not marked with LT/C |
| 4 | Rolling Resistance Coefficient (RRC) | As per Annex-D of AIS 142 |
| 5 | Wet Grip index (G) | As per Annex-D of AIS 142 |
Star Rating Plan and Limits
The star rating and limit depends on:
1. Limits for RRC values
Limits for RRC Values for C-1 Tyres (Rim Dia < 14")
| S.NO. | Star | Lower Limit | Upper Limit |
| 1 | * | 12.6 | 13.5 |
| 2 | ** | 11.6 | 12.5 |
| 3 | *** | 10.6 | 11.5 |
| 4 | **** | 9.6 | 10.5 |
| 5 | ***** | 0 | 9.5 |
Limits for RRC Values for C-1 Tyres (Rim Dia ≥ 14")
| S.NO. | Star | Lower Limit | Upper Limit |
| 1 | * | 11.1 | 12 |
| 2 | ** | 10.1 | 11 |
| 3 | *** | 9.1 | 10 |
| 4 | **** | 8.1 | 9 |
| 5 | ***** | 0 | 8 |
Limits for RRC Values for C-2 Tyres (Rim Dia ≤ 14")
| S.NO. | Star | Lower Limit | Upper Limit |
| 1 | * | 11.1 | 13.5 |
| 2 | ** | 10.1 | 11 |
| 3 | *** | 9.1 | 10 |
| 4 | **** | 8.1 | 9 |
| 5 | ***** | 0 | 8 |
Limits for RRC Values for C-2 Tyres (Rim Dia > 14")
| S.NO. | Star | Lower Limit | Upper Limit |
| 1 | * | 10.6 | 13.0 |
| 2 | ** | 9.6 | 10.5 |
| 3 | *** | 8.6 | 9.5 |
| 4 | **** | 7.6 | 8.5 |
| 5 | ***** | 0 | 7.5 |
Limits for RRC Values for C-3 Tyres
| S.NO. | Star | Lower Limit | Upper Limit |
| 1 | * | 7.6 | 10 |
| 2 | ** | 6.6 | 7.5 |
| 3 | *** | 5.6 | 6.5 |
| 4 | **** | 4.6 | 5.5 |
| 5 | ***** | 0 | 4.5 |
2. Wet Grip Limits
Wet Grip Limits for Class C1 Tyres
| S.NO. | Category of Use | Wet Grip Index (G) |
| 1 | Normal Tyre | ≥ 1.1 |
| 2 | Snow Tyre | ≥ 1.1 |
| 3 | "Snow tyre for use in severe snow conditions" and with a speed symbol ("R" and above, including "H") indicating a maximum permissible speed greater than 160 km/h | ≥ 1.0 |
| 4 | Snow tyre for use in severe snow conditions" and with a speed symbol ("Q" or below excluding "H") indicating a maximum permissible speed not greater than 160 km/h | ≥ 0.9 |
| 5 | Special Use Tyre | Exempted |
Wet Grip Limits for Class C2 and C3 Tyres
| S.NO. | Category of Use | C2 Tyres (Others) | C2 Tyres (Traction Tyres) | C3 Tyres (Others) | C3 Tyres (Traction Tyres) |
| 1 | Normal Tyre | ≥ 0.95 | ≥ 0.85 | ≥ 0.80 | ≥ 0.65 |
| 2 | Snow Tyre | ≥ 0.95 | ≥ 0.85 | ≥ 0.65 | ≥ 0.65 |
| 3 | Snow Tyre for Use in Severe Snow Conditions | ≥ 0.85 | ≥ 0.85 | ≥ 0.65 | ≥ 0.65 |
| 4 | Special Use Tyre | ≥ 0.85 | ≥ 0.85 | ≥ 0.65 | ≥ 0.65 |
Conclusion
The star rating system for tyres in India plays an important role in guiding consumers in making informed choices about tyres for their vehicles. The system evaluates key factors such as grip, fuel efficiency, stability, and wet performance, helping vehicle owners select tyres that offer better performance, safety, and lower fuel consumption. With star ratings ranging from 1 to 5 stars, consumers can easily compare tyres based on their needs. Bureau of Energy Efficiency (BEE) certification further ensures that tyres meet energy efficiency standards, which support environmental goals. Ultimately, this system not only improves vehicle performance but also contributes to long-term savings and reduced environmental impact.
This portion of the site is for informational purposes only. The content is not legal advice. The statements and opinions are the expression of author, not corpseed, and have not been evaluated by corpseed for accuracy, completeness, or changes in the law.
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