Environmental protection became a global concern with growing industrialization and the construction of companies that release smoke and other air pollutants. The United Nations Conference on the Human Environment, which took place in Stockholm in June 1972, decided to take the necessary actions to protect the earth's natural resources, including, among other things, preserving the quality of the air and water by reducing pollution. The Water (Prevention and Control of Pollution) Act, 1974 was passed by Parliament in 1974 with the goals of preventing and controlling water pollution as well as maintaining and restoring the water's wholesomeness. The Air (Prevention and Control of Pollution) Act, 1981 was passed by Parliament in order to implement the decisions made at Stockholm and to provide for the prevention, control, and abatement of air pollution. To address the issue of water and air pollution, the Water and Air Pollution Acts call for the establishment of State Pollution Control Boards.
Under the Water (Prevention & Control of Pollution) Act of 1974 and the Air (Prevention & Control of Pollution) Act of 1981, the Goa State Pollution Control Board (GSPCB) was established as an independent statutory body on July 1, 1988. The Goa State Pollution Control Board (GSPCB) is currently based in Saligao. Currently, the offices of the chairman, member secretary, technical, legal, accounts, scientific (including laboratory), information technology, and administrative sections are run out of the Saligao, Bardez-Goa location. SPCB has been given a significant responsibility for the prevention and management of pollution from various sources. The Boards have been given more duties in recent years for the execution of numerous statutes.